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Glossary

FC-BGA

Short for Flip Chip Ball Grid Array. The chip is flipped onto the substrate face-down, and the substrate connects to the motherboard through an array of solder balls underneath. It's the standard packaging style for high-pin-count, high-heat chips like CPUs and GPUs. Large AI server chips need proportionally large substrates, and only a handful of makers, Ibiden, Samsung Electro-Mechanics and Unimicron among them, can produce them at that size, making FC-BGA one of the recurring bottlenecks in the AI chip supply chain.

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